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JIS G3445 Carbon Steel Seamless Mechanical Tubing
Material and Specification
JIS G3445 Carbon Steel Seamless Mechanical Tubing is a Japanese standard that specifies the carbon steel seamless tubes used for mechanical purposes. The standard covers various grades of carbon steel tubes, including STKM 11A, STKM 12A, STKM 12B, STKM 12C, STKM 13A, STKM 13B, STKM 13C, STKM 15A, STKM 15C, STKM 17A, and STKM 17C.
The tubes are available in different shapes such as square, rectangular, and circular. They are produced in hot-finished or cold-finished conditions, depending on the requirements.
Key Features
- High dimensional accuracy: The tubes have tight tolerances which result in precise dimensions.
- Excellent surface finish: The tubes possess a smooth surface finish, ensuring improved aesthetics and reduced friction.
- Good ductility: These carbon steel tubes exhibit good ductility, making them suitable for various mechanical applications.
- Wide range of sizes: JIS G3445 covers a wide range of tube sizes to cater to different industry needs.
Versatile and adaptable: The carbon steel seamless mechanical tubing can be easily fabricated and used in various industries.
Chemical Composition
| Steel Grade | Chemical Composition |
| STKM 11A | C: 0.12% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.60% max, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 12A | C: 0.20% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.60% max, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 12B | C: 0.20% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.60% max, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 12C | C: 0.20% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.60% max, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 13A | C: 0.25% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.30-0.90%, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 13B | C: 0.25% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.30-0.90%, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 13C | C: 0.25% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.30-0.90%, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 15A | C: 0.25% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 1.30% max, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 15C | C: 0.25% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 1.30% max, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 17A | C: 0.30% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.30-1.00%, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
| STKM 17C | C: 0.30% max, Si: 0.35% max, Mn: 0.30-1.00%, P: 0.040% max, S: 0.040% max |
Mechanical Properties
| Steel Grade | Tensile Strength(MPa) | Yield Strength(MPa) | Elongation(%) |
| STKM 11A | 290 min | 180 min | 25 min |
| STKM 12A | 345 min | 175 min | 35 min |
| STKM 12B | 390 min | 275 min | 25 min |
| STKM 12C | 470 min | 355 min | 20 min |
| STKM 13A | 375 min | 215 min | 30 min |
| STKM 13B | 440 min | 305 min | 20 min |
| STKM 13C | 510 min | 375 min | 20 min |
| STKM 15A | 470 min | 345 min | 20 min |
| STKM 15C | 550 min | 410 min | 15 min |
| STKM 17A | 510 min | 355 min | 15 min |
| STKM 17C | 590 min | 450 min | 10 min |
Physical Properties
| Steel Grade | Density (g/cm³) | Thermal Conductivity (W/m·°C) | Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·°C) |
| STKM 11A | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 12A | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 12B | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 12C | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 13A | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 13B | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 13C | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 15A | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 15C | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 17A | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
| STKM 17C | 7.85 | 46.6 | 490 |
Process Performance
| Steel Grade | Weldability | Machinability | Cold Formability | Hardenability |
| STKM 11A | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 12A | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 12B | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 12C | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 13A | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 13B | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 13C | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 15A | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 15C | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 17A | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
| STKM 17C | Excellent | Good | Good | Low |
Steel Grade and Application
The different grades of carbon steel seamless mechanical tubing specified by JIS G3445 cater to various applications across industries. These applications include:
- Automobile components: Suspension systems, steering columns, drive shafts, and other structural parts.
- Machinery parts: Machine frames, shafts, and gears.
- Construction equipment: Crane booms, bridge components, and other heavy-duty applications.
General engineering: Structural framing, conveyor systems, and other mechanical applications.
Possible Alternative Grades
While JIS G3445 specifies a comprehensive range of carbon steel seamless mechanical tubing, there are alternative grades available in other international standards. Some potential alternatives to consider are ASTM A519, DIN 2391, and BS 6323.
It is essential to consult the relevant standards and compare the material properties and specifications when considering alternative grades for specific applications.
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